Docteur Dénis Mukwege, prix Nobel de la paix 2018

Dans une lettre ouverte adressée au Président Congolais, Félix Antoine Tshisekedi, le Docteur et Prix Nobel de la paix (2018), Dénis Mukwege a formulé une réserve par rapport au processus initié par les États-Unis d’Amérique sur la crise sécuritaire dans l’Est de la République Démocratique du Congo.

Alors que les délégations du Rwanda et de la RDC sont attendues ce vendredi 02 avril 2025 à Washington pour la présentation d’un avant projet sur la paix dans la partie orientale du Congo, le prix Nobel et Candidat aux élections Présidentielles de décembre 2023, écrit :

« Notre pays, la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), est confrontée à une menace existentielle sans précédent. [(…)]

Les paysages superbes du Nord et du Sud Kivu sont jalonnés de fosses communes, certaines anciennes, d’autres fraiches.

Ce drame national, dont la responsabilité est partagée entre les velléités expansionnistes des pays voisins et le déficit de gouvernance interne, ne peut durer. Il y a urgence à œuvrer à une sortie de crise pour faire taire les armes et mettre fin aux conflits récurrents qui ravagent et endeuillent notre Nation depuis trois décennies.

La grave crise multidimensionnelle que traverse la RDC a longtemps été caractérisée par la négligence internationale. Néanmoins, elle fait l’objet d’un intérêt renouvelé, notamment en raison de l’intensification du conflit armé et de l’aggravation de la situation des droits humains et du désastre humanitaire que subissent les populations civiles depuis trois ans, mais aussi en raison des rivalités géopolitiques pour l’accès à nos immenses ressources minérales qui sont impératives pour la révolution numérique, la transition énergétique et l’industrie spatiale et de la défense dans un monde de plus en plus incertain.

La paix est le seul horizon, mais il y a plusieurs voies pour y arriver. Alors que les processus de Doha et Washington ont lancé une nouvelle dynamique dans les négociations, nous exprimons à la veille du sommet convoqué par le locataire de la Maison Blanche notre réserve sur les négociations en cours. 

C’est à juste titre que la Déclaration de principes signée au Département d’État américain le 25 avril réaffirme les principes de base du droit international comme la souveraineté, l’intégrité territoriale, et la non-ingérence dans les affaires intérieures, qui sont également réitérés dans la résolution 2773 du Conseil de Sécurité du Nations Unies, adoptée le 21 février.

Il est aussi pertinent de mettre en avant que les minerais stratégiques, parfois appelés minerais de sang ou de conflit, ont vocation à être transformés en minerais pour le développement et la paix.

En effet, les parcs nationaux et les ressources naturelles dont regorgent notre pays peuvent contribuer à la paix, mais sous certaines conditions. Elles constituent les biens communs de la Nation Congolaise, et doivent donc contribuer au bien-être du peuple aujourd’hui mais aussi pour les générations futures, à l’instar de modèle de gouvernance développé dans d’autres pays comme la Norvège.

Ainsi, l’esprit transactionnel qui anime la Déclaration de principes du 25 avril, caractérisé par son opacité et son déficit d’inclusivité, doit appeler les Congolais à la responsabilité, et en premier lieu dans le chef du gouvernement et du Président de la République, gardien de notre Constitution.

En prêtant serment à deux reprises sur notre Charte fondamentale, vous êtes bien placé pour savoir que la souveraineté nationale appartient au peuple (art 5). Vous savez aussi mieux que quiconque que tout accord ou arrangement qui aurait pour conséquence de priver la Nation de tout ou partie de ses propres moyens d’existence tirées notamment de ses richesses naturelles est érigé en infraction de pillage et que ces actes et leurs tentatives sont punis comme infraction de haute trahison (art. 56 & 57). 

Enfin, vous ne pouvez ignorer que les traités de paix, de commerce ou liés au règlement des conflits internationaux ne peuvent être ratifiés ou approuvés qu’en vertu d’une loi (art. 214).

Ayant à l’esprit ces dispositions constitutionnelles, et tenant compte du droit souverain de gouverner et d’administrer son propre territoire d’une façon qui n’enfreint pas la souveraineté, nous vous exhortons, Monsieur le Président, à ne pas brader nos ressources, et celles des générations futures au régime de Kigali dans le cadre de l’intégration économique régionale en gestation promue sous l’égide du parrain Américain.

Gardons à l’esprit les paroles du défunt Souverain Pontife qui avait exprimé son indignation sur le pillage des ressources naturelles de la RDC durant son séjour à Kinshasa en 2023: « Après le colonialisme politique, un colonialisme économique tout aussi asservissant a été déclenché. 

En conséquence, ce pays largement pillé n’est pas en mesure de tirer suffisamment profit de ses immenses ressources: nous en sommes arrivés au paradoxe que les fruits de sa terre le rendent étranger à ses habitants… Retirez vos mains de la République Démocratique du Congo, retirez vos mains de l’Afrique ! Cessez d’étouffer l’Afrique: elle n’est pas une mine à exploiter ni une terre à dévaliser. »

Pour toutes ces raisons, nous vous invitons donc à ne pas sacrifier les minerais Congolais, à inclure la justice transitionnelle dans tous les efforts déployés pour restaurer et consolider la paix, à faciliter des consultations nationales impliquant toutes les forces vives de la Nation, y compris les élus de l’Assemblée nationale, avant de vous engager au nom du peuple Congolais, et à défendre exclusivement les intérêts du peuple Congolais, souverain lors de votre prochain séjour à Washington », conclu la lettre.

Rédaction Kivureporter 

720 thoughts on “Crise sécuritaire en RDC : le Prix Nobel Denis Mukwege émet une réserve sur le processus de Washington”
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